As of用法

摘要: As of是法律财务报告中经常遇到的一个短语，业界对该词的使用非常混乱，翻译时应当谨慎选用，所有英语词典中对as of的解释都是...

As of是法律财务报告中经常遇到的一个短语。业界对该词的使用非常混乱，翻译时应当谨慎选用。所有英语词典中对as of的解释都是“从…… 时候开始”。例如：

Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary 解释为：

as of, beginning on; on and after；from: This price is effective as of June 23.

Collins Cobuild Advanced Learner's English Dictionary (第五版）的解释是：

If you say that something will happen as of, or in British English as from, a particular date or time, you mean that it will happen from that time on:

The border, effectively closed since 1981, will be opened as of January the 1st...

She is to retire as from 1 October.

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 的解释是：

as from/of sth

starting from a particular time or date and continuing

• As from today, you are in charge of the office.

• As of now, there will be no more paid overtime.

网络上有语言专家的解释与此类似：

As at Versus as of

Biztip Reader: “We are having a debate in our office about the use of 'as of' or 'as at' to describe a statistic that pertains to one point in time. I think 'As at December 2008, the number of X in Y program was Z, is correct. ”

Biztip Response: This is quite an interesting point. Most people are accustomed to using“as of." However, when providing a snapshot of a particular position on a certain date, “as at” is the correct term. You will find it often in accounting.

“As at”means as it is at that particular time only. It implies there may be changes.

Example

As at 9 a. m. today, 30 people were registered for the event.

“As of" means as it was or will be on and after that date.

Examples

As of April 1，there was no more snow to shovel.

"as of" 的用法，在不同時機會表達出完全相反的意思

比方：

As of now, I'm going to try to be back there with my mom for surgery and make sure everything goes right with her.
“as of now” 在這句是「從現在開始」的意思。

As of Monday, the speech had been viewed on YouTube nearly one million times.
“as of Monday” 在這句是「到週一為止」的意思。

「從什麼時間開始」與「到什麼時間為止」，顯然是完全相反的概念，卻都可以使用"as of" 來表達。

關於"as of"的定義，我在merriam-webster這個網站看到一個很不錯的解釋：

used to indicate a time or date at which something begins or ends

用以指出某事開始或結束的時間或日期。

也許剛開始接觸這個片語時會覺得混亂，但平心而論，這樣子在口語中反而是好用的。

參考資料：
http://edition.cnn.com/2017/03/23/golf/golf-jason-day-wgc-mother/index.html
http://edition.cnn.com/2014/01/27/sport/tennis/lia-na-maria-sharapova-tennis/index.html

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《實用片語》as of

as of 這個片語後面接的一定是時間點，例如 as of today, as of July 24, 2014

但很妙的是，這個片語同時具有兩個完全相反的意思，那就是(1)從這個時間點開始 或是 (2) 截至這個時間點為止 (as of= from or until a given time)。所以上面的 as of today 就會有兩種意思，請見下例:

As of today the prices of mobile data roaming are by 50% cheaper within the EU.

截至今天為止，歐盟國家的行動數據漫遊費用比以往便宜了50%

As of today, no late homework is going to be accepted.

從今天起，將不再接受遲交作業。

分辨者兩種意思的方法可從上下文、動詞時態及語氣等來判斷。

最後補充一個常見用法，我們在新聞中常聽到的”至截稿前為止” 用英文表達的話就是 “as of press time”喔。