物理治療生物理治療師差別

今年奧運香港運動員為我地爭取驕人嘅好成績，但大家又知唔知運動員風光背後受過幾多傷呢？係香港物理治療師長期短缺嘅情況下，佢地成日拖延治療傷患，情況甚至會影響之後比賽既發揮。根據《醫療人力規劃和推算（以二零一七年為基準年）》研究顯示，十年後物理治療師嘅人手差距將達276名，人手短缺嘅情況更會進一步惡化。香港對物理治療師嘅需求一直龐大，對物理治療有興趣嘅同學，香港絕對係有利於你就業嘅地方。而畢業後主要有三大就業方向，分別係任職於醫管局、私人機構、同非政府組織。

物理治療師月薪，月薪就會根據機構、職位、經驗和執業能力等不同而又所差異。月薪係應屆畢業生入面物理治療師嘅平均人工較高，收入算係十分可觀。

最低月薪

最高月薪

二級物理治療師

$30, 235

$48, 860

物理治療總主任

$93, 710

$110, 170

而根據政府同類型報告，至2030年，香港將欠缺186名職業治療師，加上香港人口高齡化、兒童學習障礙、情緒病患增多等問題日益嚴重，對於職業治療師嘅需求亦都大大增加。職業治療嘅工作範圍、服務階層同就業崗位十分廣泛，就業前景算係非常明朗。同學畢業後可以選擇去醫院、復康診所、兒童看護中心、護理安老院等地方執業。

根據2021年6月通過嘅公務員薪酬調整，職業治療師既薪金亦有往上調整。對於有志投身職業治療行業嘅同學黎講，係香港入行，無論係薪金定機會都可以話係十分吸引啊！

最低月薪

最高月薪

二級職業治療師

$30, 235

$48, 860

職業治療總主任

$93, 710

$110, 170

本地大學入讀課程門檻

依家香港八大入面得理工大學有舉辦物理治療學學士嘅課程，收生分數中位數為39.6分（最佳六科）。

而職業治療方面，八大入面亦都只有香港理工大學舉辦了相關學士課程，收生平均分為37.8分（最佳六科）。

物理治療與職業治療嘅分別

到底物理治療同職業治療有咩分別呢？好多同學仍然分唔清兩者，甚至將佢地混為一談。但其實物理治療同職業治療嘅工作範疇完全唔一樣架。物理治療主要分為肌肉及骨骼、心肺、神經共三方面嘅治療，而工作內容著眼於改善病人嘅痛症、協助病人復康以及預防疾病嘅形成等。而職業治療就主要幫助因為生理、心理、學習或其他方面障礙、年紀老化等問題嘅對象，為佢地提供針對性訓練同環境改造，幫助佢地提升生活技能同品質。同學仔要睇清楚，先再就定到底邊科岩自己啊！

The PT tries to improve the impairment itself by increasing mobility, aligning bones and joints or lessening pain.

The OT helps the patient complete necessary everyday tasks with the impairment.  Doing so may involve applying new tools and techniques.

最簡單的方法描述PT和OT的區別那就是物理治療師看重的是如何治療疾病本身，而作業(職能)治療師看重的是如何把疾病或者殘疾與生活互相協調！

PT試圖通過增加移動性，矯正骨骼和關節或減輕疼痛來改善損傷本身。

OT幫助身患損傷的患者完成必要的日常任務。這樣做可能會使用新的工具和技術來幫忙完成。

物理治療

The PT tends to be more focused on evaluating and diagnosing movement dysfunctions as well as treating a person’s injury itself.

While an occupational therapist will often also do diagnosis, the physical therapist will be more likely to diagnose and treat the physical source of the problem; the injured tissues and structures.

物理治療師更專注於評估和診斷運動功能障礙以及治療人疾病本身。

雖然作業(職能)治療師也會有對應的評估，但是物理治療師將更有可能診斷和治療問題的物理性來源，比如受傷的身體組織和結構。

Physiotherapists can specialise in a number of different areas including sports medicine, children’s health (paediatrics), and women’s health and within these parameters there are three different areas of practise.

These are:

• Musculoskeletal which is also called orthopaedic physiotherapy and is used to treat conditions such as sprains, back pain, arthritis, strains, incontinence, bursitis, posture problems, sport and workplace injuries, plus reduced mobility. Rehabilitation following surgery is also included within this category.
• Neurological- This is used to treat disorders of the nervous system including strokes, spinal cord injuries, acquired brain injuries, multiple sclerosis and Parkinson’s disease. It can also be used for rehabilitation following brain surgery.
• Cardiothoracic is the name given to the treatment of used asthma, chronic bronchitis, emphysema and others.

物理治療師可以專注於許多不同的領域，包括運動醫學，兒童健康（兒科）和婦女的健康，在這些領域內有三個不同的實踐。這些是：

• 肌肉骨骼物理治療 – 也稱為矯形物理療法，用於治療諸如扭傷，背痛，關節炎，拉傷，失禁，滑囊炎，姿勢問題，運動和工作場所損傷以及行動不便的狀況。手術後的康復(復健)也包括在此類別中。
• 神經系統物理治療 – 用於治療神經系統疾病，包括中風，脊髓損傷，獲得性腦損傷，多發性硬化和帕金森病。它也可以用於腦手術後的康復(復健)。
• 心肺物理治療 – 指是用於治療使用的哮喘，慢性支氣管炎，肺氣腫和其他心臟呼吸障礙的名稱。

Types of therapies Each individual’s treatment is tailored to suit their specific requirements and a physiotherapist will choose from a wide range of therapies, including:

• Manual therapies – These can include, joint manipulation and mobilisation (which includes spinal mobilisation), manual resistance training, and stretching.
• Exercise programmes – such as muscle strengthening, posture re-training, cardiovascular stretching and training.
• Electrotherapy techniques – which consists of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS), laser therapy, diathermy, and ultrasound.

治療類型: 每個人的治療都是根據自己的具體要求量身定制的，物理治療師將選擇廣泛的治療方法，包括：

• 手動(徒手)治療 – 這些可包括，聯合操縱和脊柱訓練，手動阻力訓練和拉伸。
• 運動 – 如肌肉加強，姿勢再訓練，心血管伸展和訓練.
• 電療技術 – 包括經皮神經刺激（TENS），鐳射治療，透熱療法和超音波。

職能治療

As compared with Physical Therapy, occupational therapy tends to focus more on evaluating and improving a persons functional abilities.

An occupational therapist often does not directly treat a person’s injury using techniques such as manual therapy or acupuncture-like a physical therapist would but more commonly helps a person optimize their independence and their ability to accomplish their daily activities following an injury or in situations of physical impairment.

與物理治療相比，職業(職能)治療往往更注重評估和改善人生活的能力。

職業(職能)治療師通常不使用諸如物理治療師的手動治療或針灸的技術直接治療損傷，而更通常地幫助人在損傷或身體損傷的情況下優化其獨立性和完成日常活動的能力。

Occupational therapists often will directly treat injuries, but more even often occupational therapy focuses more on improving life skills and incorporating adaptive tools at times customized by the therapist.

In some parts of the world occupational therapists utilize practices such as use of ultrasound in injury rehabilitation, much like a physical therapist does.

職業(職能)治療師通常也會直接治療損傷，但更常見的是職業(職能)治療更多地側重於改善生活技能，並在治療師定制治療方案的時候採用適應性的工具。

比如在世界的一些地方，職業(職能)治療師利用諸如在損傷康復中使用超聲波的做法，非常像物理治療師那樣。

Helping people improve their ability to carry out their daily tasks is a prime goal of the occupational therapist.

An OT is more likely to perform on-site assessments of both the home environment and work environment and give recommendations on suitable adaptations of each to allow for a better quality of life.

The occupational therapist is trained to modifying the physical environment as well as training the person to use assistive equipment to increase independence.

While physical therapists do on-site assessments as well this tends to be less common.

幫助人們提高他們執行日常任務的能力是職業治療師的主要目標。

OT更有可能對家庭環境和工作環境進行現場評估，並就每個專案的適當調整提出建議，以提高生活品質。

職業(職能)治療師接受訓練，以改變物理環境，以及訓練人使用輔助設備以增加獨立性。雖然物理治療師進行現場評估，但這往往不太常見。

我在職能治療是什麼? 身為OT最常被問的Q&A這篇文章中有更詳細的描述職能治療怎麼幫助患者恢復功能的唷！

職能治療與物理治療相互覆蓋的部分

Both physical and occupational therapists are trained extensively in anatomy and the musculoskeletal system resulting in both being very knowledgeable about musculoskeletal injuries and rehabilitation than a general practitioner medical doctor.

Although the two health care professions have differences in their focus there is much crossover between OT and PT.

For an example of the crossover, an occupational therapist is often involved in educating people on how to prevent and avoid injuries, as well as educating people about the healing process, just like a physical therapist.

Physical therapists in turn often help people improve their ability to do their daily activities through education and training.

While there is this crossover between professions both play very important roles and are specialized in their areas of expertise.

In many situations, both types of health-care professional are involved in injury recovery.

物理治療師和職業(職能)治療師都在解剖學和肌肉骨骼系統學中訓練有素，所以與一般醫生醫生相比，他們對肌肉骨骼損傷和康復非常瞭解。

雖然兩個醫療專業在有很多差異，但是OT和PT之間也有很交集。

例如，職業(職能)治療師經常參與教育人們如何預防和避免傷害，以及教育人們關於癒合過程，就像物理治療師。

而物理治療師反過來通常通過教育和培訓幫助人們提高他們做日常活動的能力。

雖然專業之間存在著這種交集，但它們都發揮著各自非常重要的作用，並且各有所擅長的事情。在許多情況下，兩類的專業人員都參與復健治療。

Consider a patient recovering from knee replacement surgery.

His PT would likely assign various exercises to improve mobility with the new artificial knee and to ease post-surgery pain and stiffness.

His OT might teach him how to use a wheelchair in the early stages of recovery, then help him practice going up and down stairs on the new knee.

Or, in a nursing home, the physical therapist may help a patient stand from a wheelchair and maintain standing balance, while the occupational therapist assists her in performing hygiene tasks at the sink.

Often, PTs and OTs/OTAs collaborate closely to help the patient achieve a full recovery.

考慮一名患者需要膝關節置換手術後恢復。

他的PT可能會分配各種運動訓練，以改善新的人工膝關節的移動性，並舒緩手術後的疼痛和僵硬。

他的OT可能會教他如何在恢復的早期階段使用輪椅，然後幫助他用新的膝蓋練習上下樓梯。

或者，在療養院中，物理治療師可以説明患者站在輪椅上並保持站立平衡，而職業(職能)治療師協助她在如何刷牙。通常，PT和OT 密切合作，幫助患者實現完全康復。

下面臨時插上一個不得不提的話題，什麼是按摩師呢？

Massage therapy is a technique utilized by certified practitioners and involves techniques for moving muscles and soft tissues of the body.

Massage therapy techniques may include, but are not limited to, friction, kneading, gliding, percussion, vibration, compression and passive or active stretching within the normal anatomical range of movement.

The most common forms of massage applied by massage therapists are Swedish massage, deep tissue massage as well as trigger point therapy.